What Are Alphabets and Writing Systems?

The spoken lesson

"A writing system is an organised way to represent language with visible or tactile marks. An alphabet generally uses letters for consonants and vowels. An abjad mainly writes consonants. An abugida combines consonant signs with vowel patterns. A syllabary uses signs for syllables. Character systems may represent meaningful units and also provide sound information. Braille uses raised-dot patterns and can represent many languages. Writing may move left to right, right to left, or in another direction. One script can serve many languages, and one language may use more than one script. Writing systems use organised marks to represent language in different ways." DESIGN REQUIREMENTS: Use accurate typological examples and culturally respectful scripts. Avoid fake cultural writing, decorative misuse, script rankings, or treating right-to-left writing as reversed.